Some Buddhist rock-cut caves are called Chaityas, while the others are called Viharas. What is the difference between the two?
Smart Elimination
First eliminate the obvious options
Option (d) - No material difference, which is wrong compared to the context of the question
Option (c) - This is too specific and oddly architectural compared to the simplicity of the question. Also it reduces Chaitya to only the stupa, whereas “Chaitya hall” logically means a bigger space.
Now come to options (a) and (b), which are similar, thus one of the above has to be the correct answer. Now try to observe internal logic of the words:
The word Vihara sounds like Vihar (living, roaming) → implies dwelling
Chaitya sounds ritualistic / sacred → could be worship
Thus we could conclude that (b) is the correct option
Potential Trap
Swapping the definitions.
Answer Key & Explanation
Answer: BThe correct answer is Option B.
Explanation:
- Chaitya: A place of worship (Prayer Hall). It usually contains a Stupa at the end.
- Vihara: A dwelling place (Monastery) or residence for monks. It consists of cells cut into the walls around a central hall.
Option B correctly states: Chaitya is a place of worship, while Vihara is the dwelling place of the monks.
Value Addition
- Karle Chaitya: The largest rock-cut Chaitya in India.
- Ajanta: Contains both Chaityas (Prayer halls) and Viharas (Residential).
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Foundational question based on core concepts.