:
- An amendment to the Constitution of India can be initiated by an introduction of a bill in the Lok Sabha only.
- If such an amendment seeks to make changes in the federal character of the Constitution, the amendment also requires to be ratified by the legislature of all the States of India.
Smart Elimination
Statement 1 contains the extreme word 'only' regarding Lok Sabha (incorrect), as well as restricting the powers of Rajya Sabha.
If such a statements appear, which is restricting the powers of a higher authority, then usually that statement is wrong.
Statement 2 demands ratification by 'all' states (extreme and incorrect; rule is 50%).
Potential Trap
Statement 1 says 'Lok Sabha only'. Statement 2 says 'all the states'.
Answer Key & Explanation
Answer: DThe correct answer is Option D.
Statement 1 is Incorrect: An amendment to the Constitution can be initiated by the introduction of a bill in either House of Parliament (Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha), not just the Lok Sabha.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: If the amendment seeks to change the federal provisions of the Constitution, it must be ratified by the legislatures of half (50%) of the States, not 'all' the states.
Value Addition
- Article 368: Defines the power and procedure for amendment.
- Joint Sitting: There is no provision for a joint sitting for Constitutional Amendment Bills.
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Foundational question based on core concepts.